• Recognize limitations of procedure-oriented programming versus object-oriented programming.
• Highlight advantages and disadvantages of object-oriented programming, focusing on its key features.

Unit I: Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (3 hrs.)

1. Problems in Procedure-Oriented Programming
2. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming,             advantages and disadvantages
3. Features and concepts of Object-Oriented Programming
4. Basic Concept of OOP

• Understand Java's features like platform independence and robustness.
• Explain JVM components and Java program structure with naming conventions
• Apply Java fundamentals like variables, data types, operators, arrays, and I/O operations in programming.

Unit II: Basic Java [9 hrs.]

1. Introduction to Java: Features of Java,
2. The Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Parts of Java program, Naming Conventions in Java
3. Variables and constants
4. Data Types in Java
5. Operators in Java,
6. Reading and Displaying Output
7. Command Line Arguments.
8. Control Statements in Java 
9. Array

• Create classes and objects in Java with proper instance variable initialization.
• Understand and apply access specifiers and encapsulation to control class member access.
• Implement constructors and grasp garbage collection concepts, including "this" pointer and static members in Java classes.

Unit III: Object-Oriented Programming (6 hrs.)

1. Classes and Objects: Object Creation, Initializing the Instance Variables
2. Access Specifiers and Encapsulation
3. Constructors and Garbage collection
4. "this" pointer
5. static members

• Explain inheritance and its role in code reuse, covering inheritance types and implementation in Java.
• Understand polymorphism principles, including method overriding, overloading, dynamic method invocation, and runtime polymorphism.
• Describe abstract classes, methods, packages, interfaces, and lambda functions, demonstrating their usage in Java programming.

Unit IV: Inheritance and Polymorphism (6 hrs.)

1. Inheritance and Reuse
2. Types of Inheritance and its Implementation
3. Polymorphism: Method Overriding, Method overloading, Dynamic method invocation and Run-time polymorphism
4. Abstract Classes: Abstract Method and Abstract Class
5. Packages and Interfaces
6. Lambda function

• Understand Java exceptions, including types and significance, and proficiently implement exception handling mechanisms for both built-in and user-defined exceptions in Java programs

Unit V: Exception Handling (6 hrs.)

1. Introduction to Exception
2. Errors in Java Program
3. Types of Exceptions
4. Exception handling mechanism
5. Built-in Exceptions in Java
6. User defined exception in JAVA

• Understand Java streams, differentiating between byte and character streams.
• Learn file management using I/O classes like File Input Stream, File Output Stream, Data Input Stream, Data Output Stream, Object Input Stream, and Object Output Stream.

Unit VI: Stream in JAVA (6 hrs.)

1. Introduction to stream, byte stream and character stream
2. I/O class hierarchy
3. Manipulating file:
   • File Input Stream,
   • File Output Stream,
   • Data Input Stream,
   • Data Output Stream,
   • Object Input Stream,
   • Object Output Stream

• Design GUI creation with Swing components, including buttons, labels, text fields, and text areas, and gain expertise in event-driven programming for mouse and key events

Unit VII: GUI Programming with Swing [8 hrs.]

1. Introduction to graphical user interface (GUI) programming in java
2. Using Swing components (buttons, labels, text fields, text area, etc.)
3. Event-driven programming and event handling: Mouse event and key event
4. Building Simple Interactive
5. Applications

• Develop the skill of using generics in Java and demonstrate proficiency in implementing generic classes, methods, and constructors
• Apply polymorphism concepts within generic classes and methods

Unit VIII: Generics (4 hrs.)

1. Advantages of using Generics
2. Generic classes
3. Generic methods
4. Generic constructors
5. Polymorphism in generic